The 'chmod 644' convention is a bit too much like a magical formula. Here's another way to accomplish the same thing, considerably more human-oriented (thanks to Dr. Tom Whaley):
Here is a summary of the symbolic version for chmod:
Who: u for User Operation: - for Remove permission
g for Group + for Add permission
o for Other = for Set permission
a for All (ugo)
Permissions: r Read
w Write
x Execute
Examples:
chmod g+x myfile give execute permission to group
chmod a+r test.gif give read permission to everyone
chmod o-rwx myfile take away all permissions from other