RECORD NO.:  94247429
       AUTHOR:  Chaillet JR
      ADDRESS:  Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Genetics, 
                Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
        TITLE:  Genomic imprinting: lessons from mouse transgenes.
       SOURCE:  Mutat Res (NNA), 1994 Jun 1; 307 (2): 441-9
     LANGUAGE:  English
 COUNTRY PUB.:  NETHERLANDS
 ANNOUNCEMENT:  9408
    PUB. TYPE:  JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL
 NUMBER REFS.:  35
     ABSTRACT:  Genomic imprinting is a non-Mendelian form of inheritance 
                that results in an expression difference between the two 
                parental alleles of an autosomal locus. The study of mouse 
                transgenes has provided us with descriptions of a variety of 
                imprinting or parent-of-origin effects, thereby anticipating 
                similar inheritance phenomena in non-transgenic mice. Many 
                mouse transgenes exhibit parent-of-origin behavior only on 
                mixed strain backgrounds, whereas others are imprinted on 
                inbred strain backgrounds. In the former cases, the parent-
                of-origin effects are due to strain-specific modifiers of 
                DNA methylation and expression. These are inherited in a 
                parent-specific fashion and exert their effects after 
                fertilization. In the latter cases, true germline transgene 
                imprinting, the creation of an imprinted locus occurs in a 
                series of sequential steps. First, there is an erasure of 
                the imprint from the previous generation in both male and 
                female fetal germ cells. Second, upon completion of 
                gametogenesis, distinctive methylation patterns have been 
                placed on the transgene sequences of the two mature gametes. 
                Third, only one of these inherited patterns is maintained in 
                the early, pre-implantation embryo. The pattern of the other 
                parental allele is erased. Finally, the methylation pattern 
                of the alleles evolve in the later stages of development, 
                but nonetheless the methylation difference (imprint) of the 
                locus persists. Transgene imprinting behaviors, either on 
                mixed strain backgrounds and on inbred genetic backgrounds, 
                have counterparts in endogenous genetic phenomena.
MESH HEADINGS:  *Alleles; *Gene Expression Regulation; *Genome; Mice, 
                Transgenic--genetics (*GE); Blastocyst; DNA--metabolism 
                (ME); Gametogenesis; Methylation; Mice; Parents; Phenotype; 
                Animal; Female; Male; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  GENE SYMBOL:  RSVIgmyc; MPA434
CHEMICAL SUBS:  9007-49-2 (DNA)
 STANDARD NO.:  0165-1110
        DATES:  Entered 940622